The objective of this paper is to examine the work of three Latin American anthropologists who are outstanding for the quality of their work within the framework of national processes. In different ways, all three of them influence anthropological work in their respective countries and in their respective countries and in their national culture. The study of these authors allows Andrés Medina to analyze the production process of anthropological scientific knowledge in Latin America as part of the general cultural production. He identifies common elements in these processes such as the active role played by the State in national cultures and the ethnic and linguistic diversity of ancient American cultures. These characteristics allow us to understand the common problems faced by anthropologists trying to develop their scientific work, to identify the scientific community to which they belong to and their relation to State policies.