In this article, the author’s proposal is to study the transformations of the savage man myth during some symptomatic moments of his evolution. From ethnography’s point of view, he approaches iconographic, literary and scientific history of myths. In this work, the author makes reference to different historical moments, but he stops to study Durero’s engravings which illustrate the alarming change of an old myth at the beginning of modernity. Bartra keeps on with an analysis he already started on his book El salvaje en el espejo (The savage in the mirror) (1992) in which he widely exposes the historical backgrounds of myth.