Revista Alteridades
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Revista Alteridades
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Antropología y relocalizacioneshot!
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Barabás, Alicia Mabel / Miguel Alberto Bartolomé.
Antropología y relocalizaciones. Anthropology and Relocations.
Barabas and Bartolomé propose that as displacements and relocations of human groups have stopped being considered as cross-roads phenomena, they have become the subject of anthropological research, discussion and practice. To sustain this hypothesis they offer the revision of some examples of reservoirs and relocations in Latin America and, from an anthropological point of view, they analyse the involuntary displacement and relocation of towns, particularly in certain objective and subjective aspects of the social actors involved and the social movements that come as a result of the relocations. Finally, they underline the difficulty of the insertion of anthropologists to the task forces in charge of the relocation, an area traditionally reserved to engineers or technicians.
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Presas y relocalizaciones de indígenas en América Latinahot!
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Bartolomé, Miguel Alberto / Presas y relocalizaciones de indígenas en América Latina.
Reservoirs and Relocations of Indigenous Groups in Latin America.
This essay approaches the problem of compulsive relocations of the indigenous populations in Latin America, a phenomena that, apart from the construction of reservoirs, has been present in the region since the XVI century. In the case of the construction of great reservoirs, one of the main problems arising from the need to restore the land to the populations displaced which has been identified, which is a very serious situation if we consider that not only does it mean a change of residence, but also one of territoriality and identity, and what defines the relationship of a human group with the land, is not their sense of property, but their existential link, which is constructed through their history. Other elements which can not be ignored when a relocation is proposed are: l) the nature of local political action vs. the nature of national political action, 2) the socio-ecological confrontation, and, what is most important, 3) the extended ethnocide which is understood, as is by Clastres, as “the systematic destruction of the forms of life and thought of people who are other than those promoting this process”.
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Presas y cuestiones socioambientales en el Brasil. hot!
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Coelho dos Santos, Silvio / Presas y cuestiones socioambientales en el Brasil.
Reservoirs and Socio-environmental matters in Brazil.
Highly negative socio-environmental impacts for the marginal sectors of society are associated with the implantation of economic macro projects, particularly in reservoirs destined to the installation of hydroelectric plants in the tropical forests. In Brazil, indigenous groups and rural populations have lived different negative experiences as a result of this type of projects being implanted, such as thousands of hectares, which before were previously covered by jungle and being flooded. The Balbina hydroelectric located at the north of the Brazilian Amazonia, is taken as a paradigmatic case for the State nation which sponsored these works, moves within an integrationst, authoritarian and coercive vision, which favours the privileged sectors of a national society.
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El Proyecto Hidroeléctrico de la Bahía de James: la ruina de un territorio.hot!
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Sallenave, John / El Proyecto Hidroeléctrico de la Bahía de James: la ruina de un territorio.
The Hydroelectric project in James Bay: the ruin of a territory.
The Hydroelectric Project in James Bay, north of Quebec, Canada, illustrates the consequences of an economic growth model selected by the governments of industrialized nations as well as transnational corporations, which have acquired an insatiable appetite for new supplies of resources and have accelerated the rates of extraction of natural resources to incredible levels, without considering the high social and ecological costs to mast indigenous culture whose subsistence directly or indirectly depends on the preservation of traditional life styles and their eco-systems. The study here reviewed exemplifies how immediate interests and the political convenience of some governments become more important than ecological and socio-cultural interests of an indigenous society.
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